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O dilema das relações internacionais sob a ascensão de Roma no Mediterrâneo, 350-200 a.C.
Resumo
Resumo: A expansão da hegemonia romana no Mediterrâneo nos oferece um interessante estudo de caso para explorar a transição de uma anarquia para uma hierarquia internacional. Até que ponto, e de que maneira, a ascensão hegemônica romana (séculos IV-III a.C.) alterou a conduta dos Estados italianos, os primeiros a sentir os efeitos da supremacia romana? De que modo esses Estados reagiram às profundas mudanças no sistema internacional provocadas pela ascensão de Roma? Para abordar essas questões, é necessário seguirmos os relatos historiográficos de Políbio (200-120 a.C.) e Tito Lívio (59 a.C. – AD 17), cujas narrativas sobre a expansão romana inicial são as únicas que nos chegaram relativamente completas. Será proposto que, apesar de encontrarem-se subordinados à nova supremacia romana no século III a.C., muitos Estados italianos continuaram agindo como se fossem unidades autônomas e independentes no plano internacional.
Palavras-chave: Roma; teoria das Relações Internacionais; hegemonia; anarquia; historiografia antiga.
Abstract: The rise of Roman hegemony provides an interesting case-study on the transition from international anarchy to hierarchy. Italian polities were the first to experience the effects of Roman hegemonic power in the late fourth and third centuries BC. This paper investigates to what extent the rise of Roman hegemony altered the behaviour of Italian states on the international level, and how these states reacted to the profound changes in the international system brought about by Rome’s unprecedented rise. To address these questions, I discuss the ancient historiographical accounts of Polybius (200-120 BC) and Livy (59 BC - AD 17), which constitute the most complete extant accounts of Rome’s early expansion. I argue that although Italian states were subject to Roman supremacy by the early third century BC, they continued to behave as if they were independent and autonomous units in the international arena.
Keywords: Rome; International Relations theory; hegemony; anarchy; ancient historical writing.
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Texto completo:
PDFReferências
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17851/1983-3636.13.2.153-171
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Direitos autorais 2018 Rafael Scopacasa
Este obra está licenciado com uma Licença Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0 Internacional.
Nuntius Antiquus
ISSN 2179-7064 (impressa) / ISSN 1983-3636 (eletrônica)
Esta obra está licenciada com uma Licença Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0 Internacional.