Remarks on the Origin of the Classical Arabic Future Mark sawfa/sa- from Related Semitic Roots. A Linguistic Innovation? / Comentários sobre a origem da partícula proclitica sawfa/sa da língua árabe clássica, a partir das partículas semíticas relacionadas às raízes semíticas. Uma inovação linguística?

Giuseppe Petrantoni

doi:10.17851/2237-2083.0.0.%p

Remarks on the Origin of the Classical Arabic Future Mark sawfa/sa- from Related Semitic Roots. A Linguistic Innovation? / Comentários sobre a origem da partícula proclitica sawfa/sa da língua árabe clássica, a partir das partículas semíticas relacionadas às raízes semíticas. Uma inovação linguística?

Giuseppe Petrantoni

Abstract

Abstract: This survey is an attempt to reconsider the origin of the Classical Arabic invariable proclitic particles sawfa and sa- marking the future tense with the imperfect form yaf‘alu. Classical Arabic is the only Semitic language using two particles to indicate the future, with the exception of the Modern Arabic dialects and the Modern Neo-Aramaic varieties. Due to the historical linguistic contacts with other Semitic languages like Aramaic, Classical Arabic developed a new particle to express the future tense, as a linguistic innovation. The paper demonstrates that sa- is not a reduced form of sawfa, but a native Arabic abbreviated form to stress the future; by contrast, sawfa is a loan that entered Arabic and was juxtaposed with sa- as a borrowed particle.

Resumo: Este artigo é uma tentativa de reexaminar a origem das partículas procliticas invariável sawfa e sa- usadas na língua árabe clássica com a forma verbal do imperfeito yaf‘alu para indicar o futuro. O árabe clássico é a única língua semítica que usa duas partículas para indicar o futuro, com exceção dos dialetos árabes modernos e das línguas neoaramaicas. Graças aos contatos linguísticos e históricos com outras línguas semíticas, como o aramaico, o árabe clássico desenvolveu uma nova partícula para expressar o futuro, como uma inovação linguística. Este artigo demonstra que sa- não é uma forma reduzida da sawfa, mas uma forma abreviada e originária da língua árabe clássica empregada para enfatizar o futuro. Por outro lado, sawfa é um empréstimo introduzidoem árabe como uma partícula que foi justaposta a sa-.

Keywords

arabic; semitic; future tense; proclitic particle; árabe; semítico; futuro; partícula proclítica.

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References

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17851/2237-2083.0.0.%25p