Multi-Level Approach for Critical Discourse Analysis: Boris Johnson’s Statement on Ukraine to the House of Commons on 24 February 2022 / Abordagem multinível para uma análise crítica do discurso: a declaração de Boris Johnson sobre a Ucrânia para a Câmara dos Comuns em 24 de fevereiro de 2022

Eman Riyadh Adeeb, Rodrigo Drumond Vieira

Abstract


Abstract: This study addresses methodological issues of critical discourse analysis and shows how an analytical multi-level approach we developed can be useful in adding theoretical resources and systematization to its methods. The analytical approach is grounded on the macrostructure of human activity (activity, actions, operations) and appropriates resources from text linguistics and sociolinguistics. We crossed this approach with historical and positioning discourses to identify ways of talking, foregrounded, and concealed meanings and ideologies in the statement of the ex-Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Boris Johnson as delivered to the House of Commons on Ukraine on 24 February 2022. Our results point out he established an agreement with the House through an explanatory statement with the predominance of the use of informing discursive procedures, which corresponded for almost half of his procedures. Most of the time Johnson spoke in the future tense through the intense use of the modal auxiliary verb “will”. These, among other linguistic choices, collaborated to conceal the United States and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization’s roles in the invasion of Ukraine, framing responsibility solely on the president of Russia. In conclusion, we comment on the contributions and limitations of the analytical approach.

 

Resumo: Este estudo aborda questões metodológicas da análise crítica do discurso e evidencia como uma abordagem analítica multinível que desenvolvemos pode ser útil para acrescentar recursos teóricos e sistematização a seus métodos. Nossa abordagem analítica é fundamentada na macroestrutura da atividade humana (atividade, ações, operações) e apropria recursos da linguística textual e da sociolinguística. Combinamos essa abordagem com discursos históricos e de posicionamento para identificar formas de falar, significados e ideologias destacados e ocultos na declaração do ex-Primeiro-Ministro do Reino Unido Boris Johnson proferida na Câmara dos Comuns sobre a Ucrânia em 24 de fevereiro de 2022. Nossos resultados apontam que ele estabeleceu um acordo com a Câmara por meio de uma declaração explicativa com a predominância do uso de procedimentos discursivos informativos, que corresponderam a quase metade de seus procedimentos. Na maior parte do tempo, Johnson falou no tempo futuro por meio do uso intenso do verbo auxiliar modal “will”. Essas, entre outras escolhas linguísticas, colaboraram para ocultar o papel dos Estados Unidos e da Organização do Tratado do Atlântico Norte na invasão da Ucrânia, atribuindo a responsabilidade exclusivamente ao presidente da Rússia. Para concluir, comentamos as contribuições e limitações da abordagem analítica.


Keywords


critical discourse analysis methodology; discursive procedures; cultural-historical activity theory; text linguistics; sociolinguistics’ contextualization cues; political statement; metodologia de análise crítica do discurso; procedimentos discursivos.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17851/2237-2083.32.1.66-86

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